(function () {
    // Copyright (c) 2005  Tom Wu
    // All Rights Reserved.
    // See "LICENSE" for details.

    // Basic JavaScript BN library - subset useful for RSA encryption.

    // Bits per digit
    var dbits;

    // JavaScript engine analysis
    var canary = 0xdeadbeefcafe;
    var j_lm = (canary & 0xffffff) == 0xefcafe;

    // (public) Constructor
    function BigInteger(a, b, c) {
        if (a != null)
            if ('number' == typeof a) this.fromNumber(a, b, c);
            else if (b == null && 'string' != typeof a) this.fromString(a, 256);
            else this.fromString(a, b);
    }

    // return new, unset BigInteger
    function nbi() {
        return new BigInteger(null);
    }

    // am: Compute w_j += (x*this_i), propagate carries,
    // c is initial carry, returns final carry.
    // c < 3*dvalue, x < 2*dvalue, this_i < dvalue
    // We need to select the fastest one that works in this environment.

    // am1: use a single mult and divide to get the high bits,
    // max digit bits should be 26 because
    // max internal value = 2*dvalue^2-2*dvalue (< 2^53)
    function am1(i, x, w, j, c, n) {
        while (--n >= 0) {
            var v = x * this[i++] + w[j] + c;
            c = Math.floor(v / 0x4000000);
            w[j++] = v & 0x3ffffff;
        }
        return c;
    }
    // am2 avoids a big mult-and-extract completely.
    // Max digit bits should be <= 30 because we do bitwise ops
    // on values up to 2*hdvalue^2-hdvalue-1 (< 2^31)
    function am2(i, x, w, j, c, n) {
        var xl = x & 0x7fff,
            xh = x >> 15;
        while (--n >= 0) {
            var l = this[i] & 0x7fff;
            var h = this[i++] >> 15;
            var m = xh * l + h * xl;
            l = xl * l + ((m & 0x7fff) << 15) + w[j] + (c & 0x3fffffff);
            c = (l >>> 30) + (m >>> 15) + xh * h + (c >>> 30);
            w[j++] = l & 0x3fffffff;
        }
        return c;
    }
    // Alternately, set max digit bits to 28 since some
    // browsers slow down when dealing with 32-bit numbers.
    function am3(i, x, w, j, c, n) {
        var xl = x & 0x3fff,
            xh = x >> 14;
        while (--n >= 0) {
            var l = this[i] & 0x3fff;
            var h = this[i++] >> 14;
            var m = xh * l + h * xl;
            l = xl * l + ((m & 0x3fff) << 14) + w[j] + c;
            c = (l >> 28) + (m >> 14) + xh * h;
            w[j++] = l & 0xfffffff;
        }
        return c;
    }
    var inBrowser = typeof navigator !== 'undefined';
    if (inBrowser && j_lm && navigator.appName == 'Microsoft Internet Explorer') {
        BigInteger.prototype.am = am2;
        dbits = 30;
    } else if (inBrowser && j_lm && navigator.appName != 'Netscape') {
        BigInteger.prototype.am = am1;
        dbits = 26;
    } else {
        // Mozilla/Netscape seems to prefer am3
        BigInteger.prototype.am = am3;
        dbits = 28;
    }

    BigInteger.prototype.DB = dbits;
    BigInteger.prototype.DM = (1 << dbits) - 1;
    BigInteger.prototype.DV = 1 << dbits;

    var BI_FP = 52;
    BigInteger.prototype.FV = Math.pow(2, BI_FP);
    BigInteger.prototype.F1 = BI_FP - dbits;
    BigInteger.prototype.F2 = 2 * dbits - BI_FP;

    // Digit conversions
    var BI_RM = '0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz';
    var BI_RC = new Array();
    var rr, vv;
    rr = '0'.charCodeAt(0);
    for (vv = 0; vv <= 9; ++vv) BI_RC[rr++] = vv;
    rr = 'a'.charCodeAt(0);
    for (vv = 10; vv < 36; ++vv) BI_RC[rr++] = vv;
    rr = 'A'.charCodeAt(0);
    for (vv = 10; vv < 36; ++vv) BI_RC[rr++] = vv;

    function int2char(n) {
        return BI_RM.charAt(n);
    }
    function intAt(s, i) {
        var c = BI_RC[s.charCodeAt(i)];
        return c == null ? -1 : c;
    }

    // (protected) copy this to r
    function bnpCopyTo(r) {
        for (var i = this.t - 1; i >= 0; --i) r[i] = this[i];
        r.t = this.t;
        r.s = this.s;
    }

    // (protected) set from integer value x, -DV <= x < DV
    function bnpFromInt(x) {
        this.t = 1;
        this.s = x < 0 ? -1 : 0;
        if (x > 0) this[0] = x;
        else if (x < -1) this[0] = x + this.DV;
        else this.t = 0;
    }

    // return bigint initialized to value
    function nbv(i) {
        var r = nbi();
        r.fromInt(i);
        return r;
    }

    // (protected) set from string and radix
    function bnpFromString(s, b) {
        // Auto-detect string notations
        if (!b && s.length >= 2 && s[0] === '0') {
            var isDetected = true;
            switch (s[1]) {
                case 'x': // Hexadecimal notation
                    b = 16;
                    break;
                case 'b': // Binary notation
                    b = 2;
                    break;
                case 'o': // Octal notation
                    b = 8;
                    break;
                default:
                    isDetected = false;
            }

            // Remove the notation string if any has been detected
            if (isDetected) {
                s = s.substr(2);
            }
        }

        var k;
        if (b == 16) k = 4;
        else if (b == 8) k = 3;
        else if (b == 256) k = 8;
        // byte array
        else if (b == 2) k = 1;
        else if (b == 32) k = 5;
        else if (b == 4) k = 2;
        else {
            this.fromRadix(s, b);
            return;
        }
        this.t = 0;
        this.s = 0;
        var i = s.length,
            mi = false,
            sh = 0;
        while (--i >= 0) {
            var x = k == 8 ? s[i] & 0xff : intAt(s, i);
            if (x < 0) {
                if (s.charAt(i) == '-') mi = true;
                continue;
            }
            mi = false;
            if (sh == 0) this[this.t++] = x;
            else if (sh + k > this.DB) {
                this[this.t - 1] |= (x & ((1 << (this.DB - sh)) - 1)) << sh;
                this[this.t++] = x >> (this.DB - sh);
            } else this[this.t - 1] |= x << sh;
            sh += k;
            if (sh >= this.DB) sh -= this.DB;
        }
        if (k == 8 && (s[0] & 0x80) != 0) {
            this.s = -1;
            if (sh > 0) this[this.t - 1] |= ((1 << (this.DB - sh)) - 1) << sh;
        }
        this.clamp();
        if (mi) BigInteger.ZERO.subTo(this, this);
    }

    // (protected) clamp off excess high words
    function bnpClamp() {
        var c = this.s & this.DM;
        while (this.t > 0 && this[this.t - 1] == c) --this.t;
    }

    // (public) return string representation in given radix
    function bnToString(b) {
        if (this.s < 0) return '-' + this.negate().toString(b);
        var k;
        if (b == 16) k = 4;
        else if (b == 8) k = 3;
        else if (b == 2) k = 1;
        else if (b == 32) k = 5;
        else if (b == 4) k = 2;
        else return this.toRadix(b);
        var km = (1 << k) - 1,
            d,
            m = false,
            r = '',
            i = this.t;
        var p = this.DB - ((i * this.DB) % k);
        if (i-- > 0) {
            if (p < this.DB && (d = this[i] >> p) > 0) {
                m = true;
                r = int2char(d);
            }
            while (i >= 0) {
                if (p < k) {
                    d = (this[i] & ((1 << p) - 1)) << (k - p);
                    d |= this[--i] >> (p += this.DB - k);
                } else {
                    d = (this[i] >> (p -= k)) & km;
                    if (p <= 0) {
                        p += this.DB;
                        --i;
                    }
                }
                if (d > 0) m = true;
                if (m) r += int2char(d);
            }
        }
        return m ? r : '0';
    }

    // (public) -this
    function bnNegate() {
        var r = nbi();
        BigInteger.ZERO.subTo(this, r);
        return r;
    }

    // (public) |this|
    function bnAbs() {
        return this.s < 0 ? this.negate() : this;
    }

    // (public) return + if this > a, - if this < a, 0 if equal
    function bnCompareTo(a) {
        var r = this.s - a.s;
        if (r != 0) return r;
        var i = this.t;
        r = i - a.t;
        if (r != 0) return this.s < 0 ? -r : r;
        while (--i >= 0) if ((r = this[i] - a[i]) != 0) return r;
        return 0;
    }

    // returns bit length of the integer x
    function nbits(x) {
        var r = 1,
            t;
        if ((t = x >>> 16) != 0) {
            x = t;
            r += 16;
        }
        if ((t = x >> 8) != 0) {
            x = t;
            r += 8;
        }
        if ((t = x >> 4) != 0) {
            x = t;
            r += 4;
        }
        if ((t = x >> 2) != 0) {
            x = t;
            r += 2;
        }
        if ((t = x >> 1) != 0) {
            x = t;
            r += 1;
        }
        return r;
    }

    // (public) return the number of bits in "this"
    function bnBitLength() {
        if (this.t <= 0) return 0;
        return (
            this.DB * (this.t - 1) + nbits(this[this.t - 1] ^ (this.s & this.DM))
        );
    }

    // (protected) r = this << n*DB
    function bnpDLShiftTo(n, r) {
        var i;
        for (i = this.t - 1; i >= 0; --i) r[i + n] = this[i];
        for (i = n - 1; i >= 0; --i) r[i] = 0;
        r.t = this.t + n;
        r.s = this.s;
    }

    // (protected) r = this >> n*DB
    function bnpDRShiftTo(n, r) {
        for (var i = n; i < this.t; ++i) r[i - n] = this[i];
        r.t = Math.max(this.t - n, 0);
        r.s = this.s;
    }

    // (protected) r = this << n
    function bnpLShiftTo(n, r) {
        var bs = n % this.DB;
        var cbs = this.DB - bs;
        var bm = (1 << cbs) - 1;
        var ds = Math.floor(n / this.DB),
            c = (this.s << bs) & this.DM,
            i;
        for (i = this.t - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
            r[i + ds + 1] = (this[i] >> cbs) | c;
            c = (this[i] & bm) << bs;
        }
        for (i = ds - 1; i >= 0; --i) r[i] = 0;
        r[ds] = c;
        r.t = this.t + ds + 1;
        r.s = this.s;
        r.clamp();
    }

    // (protected) r = this >> n
    function bnpRShiftTo(n, r) {
        r.s = this.s;
        var ds = Math.floor(n / this.DB);
        if (ds >= this.t) {
            r.t = 0;
            return;
        }
        var bs = n % this.DB;
        var cbs = this.DB - bs;
        var bm = (1 << bs) - 1;
        r[0] = this[ds] >> bs;
        for (var i = ds + 1; i < this.t; ++i) {
            r[i - ds - 1] |= (this[i] & bm) << cbs;
            r[i - ds] = this[i] >> bs;
        }
        if (bs > 0) r[this.t - ds - 1] |= (this.s & bm) << cbs;
        r.t = this.t - ds;
        r.clamp();
    }

    // (protected) r = this - a
    function bnpSubTo(a, r) {
        var i = 0,
            c = 0,
            m = Math.min(a.t, this.t);
        while (i < m) {
            c += this[i] - a[i];
            r[i++] = c & this.DM;
            c >>= this.DB;
        }
        if (a.t < this.t) {
            c -= a.s;
            while (i < this.t) {
                c += this[i];
                r[i++] = c & this.DM;
                c >>= this.DB;
            }
            c += this.s;
        } else {
            c += this.s;
            while (i < a.t) {
                c -= a[i];
                r[i++] = c & this.DM;
                c >>= this.DB;
            }
            c -= a.s;
        }
        r.s = c < 0 ? -1 : 0;
        if (c < -1) r[i++] = this.DV + c;
        else if (c > 0) r[i++] = c;
        r.t = i;
        r.clamp();
    }

    // (protected) r = this * a, r != this,a (HAC 14.12)
    // "this" should be the larger one if appropriate.
    function bnpMultiplyTo(a, r) {
        var x = this.abs(),
            y = a.abs();
        var i = x.t;
        r.t = i + y.t;
        while (--i >= 0) r[i] = 0;
        for (i = 0; i < y.t; ++i) r[i + x.t] = x.am(0, y[i], r, i, 0, x.t);
        r.s = 0;
        r.clamp();
        if (this.s != a.s) BigInteger.ZERO.subTo(r, r);
    }

    // (protected) r = this^2, r != this (HAC 14.16)
    function bnpSquareTo(r) {
        var x = this.abs();
        var i = (r.t = 2 * x.t);
        while (--i >= 0) r[i] = 0;
        for (i = 0; i < x.t - 1; ++i) {
            var c = x.am(i, x[i], r, 2 * i, 0, 1);
            if (
                (r[i + x.t] += x.am(i + 1, 2 * x[i], r, 2 * i + 1, c, x.t - i - 1)) >=
                x.DV
            ) {
                r[i + x.t] -= x.DV;
                r[i + x.t + 1] = 1;
            }
        }
        if (r.t > 0) r[r.t - 1] += x.am(i, x[i], r, 2 * i, 0, 1);
        r.s = 0;
        r.clamp();
    }

    // (protected) divide this by m, quotient and remainder to q, r (HAC 14.20)
    // r != q, this != m.  q or r may be null.
    function bnpDivRemTo(m, q, r) {
        var pm = m.abs();
        if (pm.t <= 0) return;
        var pt = this.abs();
        if (pt.t < pm.t) {
            if (q != null) q.fromInt(0);
            if (r != null) this.copyTo(r);
            return;
        }
        if (r == null) r = nbi();
        var y = nbi(),
            ts = this.s,
            ms = m.s;
        var nsh = this.DB - nbits(pm[pm.t - 1]); // normalize modulus
        if (nsh > 0) {
            pm.lShiftTo(nsh, y);
            pt.lShiftTo(nsh, r);
        } else {
            pm.copyTo(y);
            pt.copyTo(r);
        }
        var ys = y.t;
        var y0 = y[ys - 1];
        if (y0 == 0) return;
        var yt = y0 * (1 << this.F1) + (ys > 1 ? y[ys - 2] >> this.F2 : 0);
        var d1 = this.FV / yt,
            d2 = (1 << this.F1) / yt,
            e = 1 << this.F2;
        var i = r.t,
            j = i - ys,
            t = q == null ? nbi() : q;
        y.dlShiftTo(j, t);
        if (r.compareTo(t) >= 0) {
            r[r.t++] = 1;
            r.subTo(t, r);
        }
        BigInteger.ONE.dlShiftTo(ys, t);
        t.subTo(y, y); // "negative" y so we can replace sub with am later
        while (y.t < ys) y[y.t++] = 0;
        while (--j >= 0) {
            // Estimate quotient digit
            var qd =
                r[--i] == y0 ? this.DM : Math.floor(r[i] * d1 + (r[i - 1] + e) * d2);
            if ((r[i] += y.am(0, qd, r, j, 0, ys)) < qd) {
                // Try it out
                y.dlShiftTo(j, t);
                r.subTo(t, r);
                while (r[i] < --qd) r.subTo(t, r);
            }
        }
        if (q != null) {
            r.drShiftTo(ys, q);
            if (ts != ms) BigInteger.ZERO.subTo(q, q);
        }
        r.t = ys;
        r.clamp();
        if (nsh > 0) r.rShiftTo(nsh, r); // Denormalize remainder
        if (ts < 0) BigInteger.ZERO.subTo(r, r);
    }

    // (public) this mod a
    function bnMod(a) {
        var r = nbi();
        this.abs().divRemTo(a, null, r);
        if (this.s < 0 && r.compareTo(BigInteger.ZERO) > 0) a.subTo(r, r);
        return r;
    }

    // Modular reduction using "classic" algorithm
    function Classic(m) {
        this.m = m;
    }
    function cConvert(x) {
        if (x.s < 0 || x.compareTo(this.m) >= 0) return x.mod(this.m);
        else return x;
    }
    function cRevert(x) {
        return x;
    }
    function cReduce(x) {
        x.divRemTo(this.m, null, x);
    }
    function cMulTo(x, y, r) {
        x.multiplyTo(y, r);
        this.reduce(r);
    }
    function cSqrTo(x, r) {
        x.squareTo(r);
        this.reduce(r);
    }

    Classic.prototype.convert = cConvert;
    Classic.prototype.revert = cRevert;
    Classic.prototype.reduce = cReduce;
    Classic.prototype.mulTo = cMulTo;
    Classic.prototype.sqrTo = cSqrTo;

    // (protected) return "-1/this % 2^DB"; useful for Mont. reduction
    // justification:
    //         xy == 1 (mod m)
    //         xy =  1+km
    //   xy(2-xy) = (1+km)(1-km)
    // x[y(2-xy)] = 1-k^2m^2
    // x[y(2-xy)] == 1 (mod m^2)
    // if y is 1/x mod m, then y(2-xy) is 1/x mod m^2
    // should reduce x and y(2-xy) by m^2 at each step to keep size bounded.
    // JS multiply "overflows" differently from C/C++, so care is needed here.
    function bnpInvDigit() {
        if (this.t < 1) return 0;
        var x = this[0];
        if ((x & 1) == 0) return 0;
        var y = x & 3; // y == 1/x mod 2^2
        y = (y * (2 - (x & 0xf) * y)) & 0xf; // y == 1/x mod 2^4
        y = (y * (2 - (x & 0xff) * y)) & 0xff; // y == 1/x mod 2^8
        y = (y * (2 - (((x & 0xffff) * y) & 0xffff))) & 0xffff; // y == 1/x mod 2^16
        // last step - calculate inverse mod DV directly;
        // assumes 16 < DB <= 32 and assumes ability to handle 48-bit ints
        y = (y * (2 - ((x * y) % this.DV))) % this.DV; // y == 1/x mod 2^dbits
        // we really want the negative inverse, and -DV < y < DV
        return y > 0 ? this.DV - y : -y;
    }

    // Montgomery reduction
    function Montgomery(m) {
        this.m = m;
        this.mp = m.invDigit();
        this.mpl = this.mp & 0x7fff;
        this.mph = this.mp >> 15;
        this.um = (1 << (m.DB - 15)) - 1;
        this.mt2 = 2 * m.t;
    }

    // xR mod m
    function montConvert(x) {
        var r = nbi();
        x.abs().dlShiftTo(this.m.t, r);
        r.divRemTo(this.m, null, r);
        if (x.s < 0 && r.compareTo(BigInteger.ZERO) > 0) this.m.subTo(r, r);
        return r;
    }

    // x/R mod m
    function montRevert(x) {
        var r = nbi();
        x.copyTo(r);
        this.reduce(r);
        return r;
    }

    // x = x/R mod m (HAC 14.32)
    function montReduce(x) {
        while (
            x.t <= this.mt2 // pad x so am has enough room later
        )
            x[x.t++] = 0;
        for (var i = 0; i < this.m.t; ++i) {
            // faster way of calculating u0 = x[i]*mp mod DV
            var j = x[i] & 0x7fff;
            var u0 =
                (j * this.mpl +
                    (((j * this.mph + (x[i] >> 15) * this.mpl) & this.um) << 15)) &
                x.DM;
            // use am to combine the multiply-shift-add into one call
            j = i + this.m.t;
            x[j] += this.m.am(0, u0, x, i, 0, this.m.t);
            // propagate carry
            while (x[j] >= x.DV) {
                x[j] -= x.DV;
                x[++j]++;
            }
        }
        x.clamp();
        x.drShiftTo(this.m.t, x);
        if (x.compareTo(this.m) >= 0) x.subTo(this.m, x);
    }

    // r = "x^2/R mod m"; x != r
    function montSqrTo(x, r) {
        x.squareTo(r);
        this.reduce(r);
    }

    // r = "xy/R mod m"; x,y != r
    function montMulTo(x, y, r) {
        x.multiplyTo(y, r);
        this.reduce(r);
    }

    Montgomery.prototype.convert = montConvert;
    Montgomery.prototype.revert = montRevert;
    Montgomery.prototype.reduce = montReduce;
    Montgomery.prototype.mulTo = montMulTo;
    Montgomery.prototype.sqrTo = montSqrTo;

    // (protected) true iff this is even
    function bnpIsEven() {
        return (this.t > 0 ? this[0] & 1 : this.s) == 0;
    }

    // (protected) this^e, e < 2^32, doing sqr and mul with "r" (HAC 14.79)
    function bnpExp(e, z) {
        if (e > 0xffffffff || e < 1) return BigInteger.ONE;
        var r = nbi(),
            r2 = nbi(),
            g = z.convert(this),
            i = nbits(e) - 1;
        g.copyTo(r);
        while (--i >= 0) {
            z.sqrTo(r, r2);
            if ((e & (1 << i)) > 0) z.mulTo(r2, g, r);
            else {
                var t = r;
                r = r2;
                r2 = t;
            }
        }
        return z.revert(r);
    }

    // (public) this^e % m, 0 <= e < 2^32
    function bnModPowInt(e, m) {
        var z;
        if (e < 256 || m.isEven()) z = new Classic(m);
        else z = new Montgomery(m);
        return this.exp(e, z);
    }

    // protected
    BigInteger.prototype.copyTo = bnpCopyTo;
    BigInteger.prototype.fromInt = bnpFromInt;
    BigInteger.prototype.fromString = bnpFromString;
    BigInteger.prototype.clamp = bnpClamp;
    BigInteger.prototype.dlShiftTo = bnpDLShiftTo;
    BigInteger.prototype.drShiftTo = bnpDRShiftTo;
    BigInteger.prototype.lShiftTo = bnpLShiftTo;
    BigInteger.prototype.rShiftTo = bnpRShiftTo;
    BigInteger.prototype.subTo = bnpSubTo;
    BigInteger.prototype.multiplyTo = bnpMultiplyTo;
    BigInteger.prototype.squareTo = bnpSquareTo;
    BigInteger.prototype.divRemTo = bnpDivRemTo;
    BigInteger.prototype.invDigit = bnpInvDigit;
    BigInteger.prototype.isEven = bnpIsEven;
    BigInteger.prototype.exp = bnpExp;

    // public
    BigInteger.prototype.toString = bnToString;
    BigInteger.prototype.negate = bnNegate;
    BigInteger.prototype.abs = bnAbs;
    BigInteger.prototype.compareTo = bnCompareTo;
    BigInteger.prototype.bitLength = bnBitLength;
    BigInteger.prototype.mod = bnMod;
    BigInteger.prototype.modPowInt = bnModPowInt;

    // "constants"
    BigInteger.ZERO = nbv(0);
    BigInteger.ONE = nbv(1);
    BigInteger.valueOf = nbv;

    // Copyright (c) 2005-2009  Tom Wu
    // All Rights Reserved.
    // See "LICENSE" for details.

    // Extended JavaScript BN functions, required for RSA private ops.

    // Version 1.1: new BigInteger("0", 10) returns "proper" zero
    // Version 1.2: square() API, isProbablePrime fix

    // (public)
    function bnClone() {
        var r = nbi();
        this.copyTo(r);
        return r;
    }

    // (public) return value as integer
    function bnIntValue() {
        if (this.s < 0) {
            if (this.t == 1) return this[0] - this.DV;
            else if (this.t == 0) return -1;
        } else if (this.t == 1) return this[0];
        else if (this.t == 0) return 0;
        // assumes 16 < DB < 32
        return ((this[1] & ((1 << (32 - this.DB)) - 1)) << this.DB) | this[0];
    }

    // (public) return value as byte
    function bnByteValue() {
        return this.t == 0 ? this.s : (this[0] << 24) >> 24;
    }

    // (public) return value as short (assumes DB>=16)
    function bnShortValue() {
        return this.t == 0 ? this.s : (this[0] << 16) >> 16;
    }

    // (protected) return x s.t. r^x < DV
    function bnpChunkSize(r) {
        return Math.floor((Math.LN2 * this.DB) / Math.log(r));
    }

    // (public) 0 if this == 0, 1 if this > 0
    function bnSigNum() {
        if (this.s < 0) return -1;
        else if (this.t <= 0 || (this.t == 1 && this[0] <= 0)) return 0;
        else return 1;
    }

    // (protected) convert to radix string
    function bnpToRadix(b) {
        if (b == null) b = 10;
        if (this.signum() == 0 || b < 2 || b > 36) return '0';
        var cs = this.chunkSize(b);
        var a = Math.pow(b, cs);
        var d = nbv(a),
            y = nbi(),
            z = nbi(),
            r = '';
        this.divRemTo(d, y, z);
        while (y.signum() > 0) {
            r = (a + z.intValue()).toString(b).substr(1) + r;
            y.divRemTo(d, y, z);
        }
        return z.intValue().toString(b) + r;
    }

    // (protected) convert from radix string
    function bnpFromRadix(s, b) {
        this.fromInt(0);
        if (b == null) b = 10;
        var cs = this.chunkSize(b);
        var d = Math.pow(b, cs),
            mi = false,
            j = 0,
            w = 0;
        for (var i = 0; i < s.length; ++i) {
            var x = intAt(s, i);
            if (x < 0) {
                if (s.charAt(i) == '-' && this.signum() == 0) mi = true;
                continue;
            }
            w = b * w + x;
            if (++j >= cs) {
                this.dMultiply(d);
                this.dAddOffset(w, 0);
                j = 0;
                w = 0;
            }
        }
        if (j > 0) {
            this.dMultiply(Math.pow(b, j));
            this.dAddOffset(w, 0);
        }
        if (mi) BigInteger.ZERO.subTo(this, this);
    }

    // (protected) alternate constructor
    function bnpFromNumber(a, b, c) {
        if ('number' == typeof b) {
            // new BigInteger(int,int,RNG)
            if (a < 2) this.fromInt(1);
            else {
                this.fromNumber(a, c);
                if (!this.testBit(a - 1))
                    // force MSB set
                    this.bitwiseTo(BigInteger.ONE.shiftLeft(a - 1), op_or, this);
                if (this.isEven()) this.dAddOffset(1, 0); // force odd
                while (!this.isProbablePrime(b)) {
                    this.dAddOffset(2, 0);
                    if (this.bitLength() > a)
                        this.subTo(BigInteger.ONE.shiftLeft(a - 1), this);
                }
            }
        } else {
            // new BigInteger(int,RNG)
            var x = new Array(),
                t = a & 7;
            x.length = (a >> 3) + 1;
            b.nextBytes(x);
            if (t > 0) x[0] &= (1 << t) - 1;
            else x[0] = 0;
            this.fromString(x, 256);
        }
    }

    // (public) convert to bigendian byte array
    function bnToByteArray() {
        var i = this.t,
            r = new Array();
        r[0] = this.s;
        var p = this.DB - ((i * this.DB) % 8),
            d,
            k = 0;
        if (i-- > 0) {
            if (p < this.DB && (d = this[i] >> p) != (this.s & this.DM) >> p)
                r[k++] = d | (this.s << (this.DB - p));
            while (i >= 0) {
                if (p < 8) {
                    d = (this[i] & ((1 << p) - 1)) << (8 - p);
                    d |= this[--i] >> (p += this.DB - 8);
                } else {
                    d = (this[i] >> (p -= 8)) & 0xff;
                    if (p <= 0) {
                        p += this.DB;
                        --i;
                    }
                }
                if ((d & 0x80) != 0) d |= -256;
                if (k == 0 && (this.s & 0x80) != (d & 0x80)) ++k;
                if (k > 0 || d != this.s) r[k++] = d;
            }
        }
        return r;
    }

    function bnEquals(a) {
        return this.compareTo(a) == 0;
    }
    function bnMin(a) {
        return this.compareTo(a) < 0 ? this : a;
    }
    function bnMax(a) {
        return this.compareTo(a) > 0 ? this : a;
    }

    // (protected) r = this op a (bitwise)
    function bnpBitwiseTo(a, op, r) {
        var i,
            f,
            m = Math.min(a.t, this.t);
        for (i = 0; i < m; ++i) r[i] = op(this[i], a[i]);
        if (a.t < this.t) {
            f = a.s & this.DM;
            for (i = m; i < this.t; ++i) r[i] = op(this[i], f);
            r.t = this.t;
        } else {
            f = this.s & this.DM;
            for (i = m; i < a.t; ++i) r[i] = op(f, a[i]);
            r.t = a.t;
        }
        r.s = op(this.s, a.s);
        r.clamp();
    }

    // (public) this & a
    function op_and(x, y) {
        return x & y;
    }
    function bnAnd(a) {
        var r = nbi();
        this.bitwiseTo(a, op_and, r);
        return r;
    }

    // (public) this | a
    function op_or(x, y) {
        return x | y;
    }
    function bnOr(a) {
        var r = nbi();
        this.bitwiseTo(a, op_or, r);
        return r;
    }

    // (public) this ^ a
    function op_xor(x, y) {
        return x ^ y;
    }
    function bnXor(a) {
        var r = nbi();
        this.bitwiseTo(a, op_xor, r);
        return r;
    }

    // (public) this & ~a
    function op_andnot(x, y) {
        return x & ~y;
    }
    function bnAndNot(a) {
        var r = nbi();
        this.bitwiseTo(a, op_andnot, r);
        return r;
    }

    // (public) ~this
    function bnNot() {
        var r = nbi();
        for (var i = 0; i < this.t; ++i) r[i] = this.DM & ~this[i];
        r.t = this.t;
        r.s = ~this.s;
        return r;
    }

    // (public) this << n
    function bnShiftLeft(n) {
        var r = nbi();
        if (n < 0) this.rShiftTo(-n, r);
        else this.lShiftTo(n, r);
        return r;
    }

    // (public) this >> n
    function bnShiftRight(n) {
        var r = nbi();
        if (n < 0) this.lShiftTo(-n, r);
        else this.rShiftTo(n, r);
        return r;
    }

    // return index of lowest 1-bit in x, x < 2^31
    function lbit(x) {
        if (x == 0) return -1;
        var r = 0;
        if ((x & 0xffff) == 0) {
            x >>= 16;
            r += 16;
        }
        if ((x & 0xff) == 0) {
            x >>= 8;
            r += 8;
        }
        if ((x & 0xf) == 0) {
            x >>= 4;
            r += 4;
        }
        if ((x & 3) == 0) {
            x >>= 2;
            r += 2;
        }
        if ((x & 1) == 0) ++r;
        return r;
    }

    // (public) returns index of lowest 1-bit (or -1 if none)
    function bnGetLowestSetBit() {
        for (var i = 0; i < this.t; ++i)
            if (this[i] != 0) return i * this.DB + lbit(this[i]);
        if (this.s < 0) return this.t * this.DB;
        return -1;
    }

    // return number of 1 bits in x
    function cbit(x) {
        var r = 0;
        while (x != 0) {
            x &= x - 1;
            ++r;
        }
        return r;
    }

    // (public) return number of set bits
    function bnBitCount() {
        var r = 0,
            x = this.s & this.DM;
        for (var i = 0; i < this.t; ++i) r += cbit(this[i] ^ x);
        return r;
    }

    // (public) true iff nth bit is set
    function bnTestBit(n) {
        var j = Math.floor(n / this.DB);
        if (j >= this.t) return this.s != 0;
        return (this[j] & (1 << n % this.DB)) != 0;
    }

    // (protected) this op (1<<n)
    function bnpChangeBit(n, op) {
        var r = BigInteger.ONE.shiftLeft(n);
        this.bitwiseTo(r, op, r);
        return r;
    }

    // (public) this | (1<<n)
    function bnSetBit(n) {
        return this.changeBit(n, op_or);
    }

    // (public) this & ~(1<<n)
    function bnClearBit(n) {
        return this.changeBit(n, op_andnot);
    }

    // (public) this ^ (1<<n)
    function bnFlipBit(n) {
        return this.changeBit(n, op_xor);
    }

    // (protected) r = this + a
    function bnpAddTo(a, r) {
        var i = 0,
            c = 0,
            m = Math.min(a.t, this.t);
        while (i < m) {
            c += this[i] + a[i];
            r[i++] = c & this.DM;
            c >>= this.DB;
        }
        if (a.t < this.t) {
            c += a.s;
            while (i < this.t) {
                c += this[i];
                r[i++] = c & this.DM;
                c >>= this.DB;
            }
            c += this.s;
        } else {
            c += this.s;
            while (i < a.t) {
                c += a[i];
                r[i++] = c & this.DM;
                c >>= this.DB;
            }
            c += a.s;
        }
        r.s = c < 0 ? -1 : 0;
        if (c > 0) r[i++] = c;
        else if (c < -1) r[i++] = this.DV + c;
        r.t = i;
        r.clamp();
    }

    // (public) this + a
    function bnAdd(a) {
        var r = nbi();
        this.addTo(a, r);
        return r;
    }

    // (public) this - a
    function bnSubtract(a) {
        var r = nbi();
        this.subTo(a, r);
        return r;
    }

    // (public) this * a
    function bnMultiply(a) {
        var r = nbi();
        this.multiplyTo(a, r);
        return r;
    }

    // (public) this^2
    function bnSquare() {
        var r = nbi();
        this.squareTo(r);
        return r;
    }

    // (public) this / a
    function bnDivide(a) {
        var r = nbi();
        this.divRemTo(a, r, null);
        return r;
    }

    // (public) this % a
    function bnRemainder(a) {
        var r = nbi();
        this.divRemTo(a, null, r);
        return r;
    }

    // (public) [this/a,this%a]
    function bnDivideAndRemainder(a) {
        var q = nbi(),
            r = nbi();
        this.divRemTo(a, q, r);
        return new Array(q, r);
    }

    // (protected) this *= n, this >= 0, 1 < n < DV
    function bnpDMultiply(n) {
        this[this.t] = this.am(0, n - 1, this, 0, 0, this.t);
        ++this.t;
        this.clamp();
    }

    // (protected) this += n << w words, this >= 0
    function bnpDAddOffset(n, w) {
        if (n == 0) return;
        while (this.t <= w) this[this.t++] = 0;
        this[w] += n;
        while (this[w] >= this.DV) {
            this[w] -= this.DV;
            if (++w >= this.t) this[this.t++] = 0;
            ++this[w];
        }
    }

    // A "null" reducer
    function NullExp() { }
    function nNop(x) {
        return x;
    }
    function nMulTo(x, y, r) {
        x.multiplyTo(y, r);
    }
    function nSqrTo(x, r) {
        x.squareTo(r);
    }

    NullExp.prototype.convert = nNop;
    NullExp.prototype.revert = nNop;
    NullExp.prototype.mulTo = nMulTo;
    NullExp.prototype.sqrTo = nSqrTo;

    // (public) this^e
    function bnPow(e) {
        return this.exp(e, new NullExp());
    }

    // (protected) r = lower n words of "this * a", a.t <= n
    // "this" should be the larger one if appropriate.
    function bnpMultiplyLowerTo(a, n, r) {
        var i = Math.min(this.t + a.t, n);
        r.s = 0; // assumes a,this >= 0
        r.t = i;
        while (i > 0) r[--i] = 0;
        var j;
        for (j = r.t - this.t; i < j; ++i)
            r[i + this.t] = this.am(0, a[i], r, i, 0, this.t);
        for (j = Math.min(a.t, n); i < j; ++i) this.am(0, a[i], r, i, 0, n - i);
        r.clamp();
    }

    // (protected) r = "this * a" without lower n words, n > 0
    // "this" should be the larger one if appropriate.
    function bnpMultiplyUpperTo(a, n, r) {
        --n;
        var i = (r.t = this.t + a.t - n);
        r.s = 0; // assumes a,this >= 0
        while (--i >= 0) r[i] = 0;
        for (i = Math.max(n - this.t, 0); i < a.t; ++i)
            r[this.t + i - n] = this.am(n - i, a[i], r, 0, 0, this.t + i - n);
        r.clamp();
        r.drShiftTo(1, r);
    }

    // Barrett modular reduction
    function Barrett(m) {
        // setup Barrett
        this.r2 = nbi();
        this.q3 = nbi();
        BigInteger.ONE.dlShiftTo(2 * m.t, this.r2);
        this.mu = this.r2.divide(m);
        this.m = m;
    }

    function barrettConvert(x) {
        if (x.s < 0 || x.t > 2 * this.m.t) return x.mod(this.m);
        else if (x.compareTo(this.m) < 0) return x;
        else {
            var r = nbi();
            x.copyTo(r);
            this.reduce(r);
            return r;
        }
    }

    function barrettRevert(x) {
        return x;
    }

    // x = x mod m (HAC 14.42)
    function barrettReduce(x) {
        x.drShiftTo(this.m.t - 1, this.r2);
        if (x.t > this.m.t + 1) {
            x.t = this.m.t + 1;
            x.clamp();
        }
        this.mu.multiplyUpperTo(this.r2, this.m.t + 1, this.q3);
        this.m.multiplyLowerTo(this.q3, this.m.t + 1, this.r2);
        while (x.compareTo(this.r2) < 0) x.dAddOffset(1, this.m.t + 1);
        x.subTo(this.r2, x);
        while (x.compareTo(this.m) >= 0) x.subTo(this.m, x);
    }

    // r = x^2 mod m; x != r
    function barrettSqrTo(x, r) {
        x.squareTo(r);
        this.reduce(r);
    }

    // r = x*y mod m; x,y != r
    function barrettMulTo(x, y, r) {
        x.multiplyTo(y, r);
        this.reduce(r);
    }

    Barrett.prototype.convert = barrettConvert;
    Barrett.prototype.revert = barrettRevert;
    Barrett.prototype.reduce = barrettReduce;
    Barrett.prototype.mulTo = barrettMulTo;
    Barrett.prototype.sqrTo = barrettSqrTo;

    // (public) this^e % m (HAC 14.85)
    function bnModPow(e, m) {
        var i = e.bitLength(),
            k,
            r = nbv(1),
            z;
        if (i <= 0) return r;
        else if (i < 18) k = 1;
        else if (i < 48) k = 3;
        else if (i < 144) k = 4;
        else if (i < 768) k = 5;
        else k = 6;
        if (i < 8) z = new Classic(m);
        else if (m.isEven()) z = new Barrett(m);
        else z = new Montgomery(m);

        // precomputation
        var g = new Array(),
            n = 3,
            k1 = k - 1,
            km = (1 << k) - 1;
        g[1] = z.convert(this);
        if (k > 1) {
            var g2 = nbi();
            z.sqrTo(g[1], g2);
            while (n <= km) {
                g[n] = nbi();
                z.mulTo(g2, g[n - 2], g[n]);
                n += 2;
            }
        }

        var j = e.t - 1,
            w,
            is1 = true,
            r2 = nbi(),
            t;
        i = nbits(e[j]) - 1;
        while (j >= 0) {
            if (i >= k1) w = (e[j] >> (i - k1)) & km;
            else {
                w = (e[j] & ((1 << (i + 1)) - 1)) << (k1 - i);
                if (j > 0) w |= e[j - 1] >> (this.DB + i - k1);
            }

            n = k;
            while ((w & 1) == 0) {
                w >>= 1;
                --n;
            }
            if ((i -= n) < 0) {
                i += this.DB;
                --j;
            }
            if (is1) {
                // ret == 1, don't bother squaring or multiplying it
                g[w].copyTo(r);
                is1 = false;
            } else {
                while (n > 1) {
                    z.sqrTo(r, r2);
                    z.sqrTo(r2, r);
                    n -= 2;
                }
                if (n > 0) z.sqrTo(r, r2);
                else {
                    t = r;
                    r = r2;
                    r2 = t;
                }
                z.mulTo(r2, g[w], r);
            }

            while (j >= 0 && (e[j] & (1 << i)) == 0) {
                z.sqrTo(r, r2);
                t = r;
                r = r2;
                r2 = t;
                if (--i < 0) {
                    i = this.DB - 1;
                    --j;
                }
            }
        }
        return z.revert(r);
    }

    // (public) gcd(this,a) (HAC 14.54)
    function bnGCD(a) {
        var x = this.s < 0 ? this.negate() : this.clone();
        var y = a.s < 0 ? a.negate() : a.clone();
        if (x.compareTo(y) < 0) {
            var t = x;
            x = y;
            y = t;
        }
        var i = x.getLowestSetBit(),
            g = y.getLowestSetBit();
        if (g < 0) return x;
        if (i < g) g = i;
        if (g > 0) {
            x.rShiftTo(g, x);
            y.rShiftTo(g, y);
        }
        while (x.signum() > 0) {
            if ((i = x.getLowestSetBit()) > 0) x.rShiftTo(i, x);
            if ((i = y.getLowestSetBit()) > 0) y.rShiftTo(i, y);
            if (x.compareTo(y) >= 0) {
                x.subTo(y, x);
                x.rShiftTo(1, x);
            } else {
                y.subTo(x, y);
                y.rShiftTo(1, y);
            }
        }
        if (g > 0) y.lShiftTo(g, y);
        return y;
    }

    // (protected) this % n, n < 2^26
    function bnpModInt(n) {
        if (n <= 0) return 0;
        var d = this.DV % n,
            r = this.s < 0 ? n - 1 : 0;
        if (this.t > 0)
            if (d == 0) r = this[0] % n;
            else for (var i = this.t - 1; i >= 0; --i) r = (d * r + this[i]) % n;
        return r;
    }

    // (public) 1/this % m (HAC 14.61)
    function bnModInverse(m) {
        var ac = m.isEven();
        if ((this.isEven() && ac) || m.signum() == 0) return BigInteger.ZERO;
        var u = m.clone(),
            v = this.clone();
        var a = nbv(1),
            b = nbv(0),
            c = nbv(0),
            d = nbv(1);
        while (u.signum() != 0) {
            while (u.isEven()) {
                u.rShiftTo(1, u);
                if (ac) {
                    if (!a.isEven() || !b.isEven()) {
                        a.addTo(this, a);
                        b.subTo(m, b);
                    }
                    a.rShiftTo(1, a);
                } else if (!b.isEven()) b.subTo(m, b);
                b.rShiftTo(1, b);
            }
            while (v.isEven()) {
                v.rShiftTo(1, v);
                if (ac) {
                    if (!c.isEven() || !d.isEven()) {
                        c.addTo(this, c);
                        d.subTo(m, d);
                    }
                    c.rShiftTo(1, c);
                } else if (!d.isEven()) d.subTo(m, d);
                d.rShiftTo(1, d);
            }
            if (u.compareTo(v) >= 0) {
                u.subTo(v, u);
                if (ac) a.subTo(c, a);
                b.subTo(d, b);
            } else {
                v.subTo(u, v);
                if (ac) c.subTo(a, c);
                d.subTo(b, d);
            }
        }
        if (v.compareTo(BigInteger.ONE) != 0) return BigInteger.ZERO;
        if (d.compareTo(m) >= 0) return d.subtract(m);
        if (d.signum() < 0) d.addTo(m, d);
        else return d;
        if (d.signum() < 0) return d.add(m);
        else return d;
    }

    var lowprimes = [
        2,
        3,
        5,
        7,
        11,
        13,
        17,
        19,
        23,
        29,
        31,
        37,
        41,
        43,
        47,
        53,
        59,
        61,
        67,
        71,
        73,
        79,
        83,
        89,
        97,
        101,
        103,
        107,
        109,
        113,
        127,
        131,
        137,
        139,
        149,
        151,
        157,
        163,
        167,
        173,
        179,
        181,
        191,
        193,
        197,
        199,
        211,
        223,
        227,
        229,
        233,
        239,
        241,
        251,
        257,
        263,
        269,
        271,
        277,
        281,
        283,
        293,
        307,
        311,
        313,
        317,
        331,
        337,
        347,
        349,
        353,
        359,
        367,
        373,
        379,
        383,
        389,
        397,
        401,
        409,
        419,
        421,
        431,
        433,
        439,
        443,
        449,
        457,
        461,
        463,
        467,
        479,
        487,
        491,
        499,
        503,
        509,
        521,
        523,
        541,
        547,
        557,
        563,
        569,
        571,
        577,
        587,
        593,
        599,
        601,
        607,
        613,
        617,
        619,
        631,
        641,
        643,
        647,
        653,
        659,
        661,
        673,
        677,
        683,
        691,
        701,
        709,
        719,
        727,
        733,
        739,
        743,
        751,
        757,
        761,
        769,
        773,
        787,
        797,
        809,
        811,
        821,
        823,
        827,
        829,
        839,
        853,
        857,
        859,
        863,
        877,
        881,
        883,
        887,
        907,
        911,
        919,
        929,
        937,
        941,
        947,
        953,
        967,
        971,
        977,
        983,
        991,
        997,
    ];
    var lplim = (1 << 26) / lowprimes[lowprimes.length - 1];

    // (public) test primality with certainty >= 1-.5^t
    function bnIsProbablePrime(t) {
        var i,
            x = this.abs();
        if (x.t == 1 && x[0] <= lowprimes[lowprimes.length - 1]) {
            for (i = 0; i < lowprimes.length; ++i)
                if (x[0] == lowprimes[i]) return true;
            return false;
        }
        if (x.isEven()) return false;
        i = 1;
        while (i < lowprimes.length) {
            var m = lowprimes[i],
                j = i + 1;
            while (j < lowprimes.length && m < lplim) m *= lowprimes[j++];
            m = x.modInt(m);
            while (i < j) if (m % lowprimes[i++] == 0) return false;
        }
        return x.millerRabin(t);
    }

    // (protected) true if probably prime (HAC 4.24, Miller-Rabin)
    function bnpMillerRabin(t) {
        var n1 = this.subtract(BigInteger.ONE);
        var k = n1.getLowestSetBit();
        if (k <= 0) return false;
        var r = n1.shiftRight(k);
        t = (t + 1) >> 1;
        if (t > lowprimes.length) t = lowprimes.length;
        var a = nbi();
        for (var i = 0; i < t; ++i) {
            //Pick bases at random, instead of starting at 2
            a.fromInt(lowprimes[Math.floor(Math.random() * lowprimes.length)]);
            var y = a.modPow(r, this);
            if (y.compareTo(BigInteger.ONE) != 0 && y.compareTo(n1) != 0) {
                var j = 1;
                while (j++ < k && y.compareTo(n1) != 0) {
                    y = y.modPowInt(2, this);
                    if (y.compareTo(BigInteger.ONE) == 0) return false;
                }
                if (y.compareTo(n1) != 0) return false;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }

    // protected
    BigInteger.prototype.chunkSize = bnpChunkSize;
    BigInteger.prototype.toRadix = bnpToRadix;
    BigInteger.prototype.fromRadix = bnpFromRadix;
    BigInteger.prototype.fromNumber = bnpFromNumber;
    BigInteger.prototype.bitwiseTo = bnpBitwiseTo;
    BigInteger.prototype.changeBit = bnpChangeBit;
    BigInteger.prototype.addTo = bnpAddTo;
    BigInteger.prototype.dMultiply = bnpDMultiply;
    BigInteger.prototype.dAddOffset = bnpDAddOffset;
    BigInteger.prototype.multiplyLowerTo = bnpMultiplyLowerTo;
    BigInteger.prototype.multiplyUpperTo = bnpMultiplyUpperTo;
    BigInteger.prototype.modInt = bnpModInt;
    BigInteger.prototype.millerRabin = bnpMillerRabin;

    // public
    BigInteger.prototype.clone = bnClone;
    BigInteger.prototype.intValue = bnIntValue;
    BigInteger.prototype.byteValue = bnByteValue;
    BigInteger.prototype.shortValue = bnShortValue;
    BigInteger.prototype.signum = bnSigNum;
    BigInteger.prototype.toByteArray = bnToByteArray;
    BigInteger.prototype.equals = bnEquals;
    BigInteger.prototype.min = bnMin;
    BigInteger.prototype.max = bnMax;
    BigInteger.prototype.and = bnAnd;
    BigInteger.prototype.or = bnOr;
    BigInteger.prototype.xor = bnXor;
    BigInteger.prototype.andNot = bnAndNot;
    BigInteger.prototype.not = bnNot;
    BigInteger.prototype.shiftLeft = bnShiftLeft;
    BigInteger.prototype.shiftRight = bnShiftRight;
    BigInteger.prototype.getLowestSetBit = bnGetLowestSetBit;
    BigInteger.prototype.bitCount = bnBitCount;
    BigInteger.prototype.testBit = bnTestBit;
    BigInteger.prototype.setBit = bnSetBit;
    BigInteger.prototype.clearBit = bnClearBit;
    BigInteger.prototype.flipBit = bnFlipBit;
    BigInteger.prototype.add = bnAdd;
    BigInteger.prototype.subtract = bnSubtract;
    BigInteger.prototype.multiply = bnMultiply;
    BigInteger.prototype.divide = bnDivide;
    BigInteger.prototype.remainder = bnRemainder;
    BigInteger.prototype.divideAndRemainder = bnDivideAndRemainder;
    BigInteger.prototype.modPow = bnModPow;
    BigInteger.prototype.modInverse = bnModInverse;
    BigInteger.prototype.pow = bnPow;
    BigInteger.prototype.gcd = bnGCD;
    BigInteger.prototype.isProbablePrime = bnIsProbablePrime;

    // JSBN-specific extension
    BigInteger.prototype.square = bnSquare;

    // Expose the Barrett function
    BigInteger.prototype.Barrett = Barrett;

    // BigInteger interfaces not implemented in jsbn:

    // BigInteger(int signum, byte[] magnitude)
    // double doubleValue()
    // float floatValue()
    // int hashCode()
    // long longValue()
    // static BigInteger valueOf(long val)

    // Imported from bitcoinjs-lib

    /**
     * Turns a byte array into a big integer.
     *
     * This function will interpret a byte array as a big integer in big
     * endian notation and ignore leading zeros.
     */

    BigInteger.fromByteArrayUnsigned = function (ba) {

        if (!ba.length) {
            return new BigInteger.valueOf(0);
        } else if (ba[0] & 0x80) {
            // Prepend a zero so the BigInteger class doesn't mistake this
            // for a negative integer.
            return new BigInteger([0].concat(ba));
        } else {
            return new BigInteger(ba);
        }
    };

    /**
     * Parse a signed big integer byte representation.
     *
     * For details on the format please see BigInteger.toByteArraySigned.
     */

    BigInteger.fromByteArraySigned = function (ba) {
        // Check for negative value
        if (ba[0] & 0x80) {
            // Remove sign bit
            ba[0] &= 0x7f;

            return BigInteger.fromByteArrayUnsigned(ba).negate();
        } else {
            return BigInteger.fromByteArrayUnsigned(ba);
        }
    };

    /**
     * Returns a byte array representation of the big integer.
     *
     * This returns the absolute of the contained value in big endian
     * form. A value of zero results in an empty array.
     */

    BigInteger.prototype.toByteArrayUnsigned = function () {
        var ba = this.abs().toByteArray();

        // Empty array, nothing to do
        if (!ba.length) {
            return ba;
        }

        // remove leading 0
        if (ba[0] === 0) {
            ba = ba.slice(1);
        }

        // all values must be positive
        for (var i = 0; i < ba.length; ++i) {
            ba[i] = (ba[i] < 0) ? ba[i] + 256 : ba[i];
        }

        return ba;
    };

    /*
     * Converts big integer to signed byte representation.
     *
     * The format for this value uses the most significant bit as a sign
     * bit. If the most significant bit is already occupied by the
     * absolute value, an extra byte is prepended and the sign bit is set
     * there.
     *
     * Examples:
     *
     *      0 =>     0x00
     *      1 =>     0x01
     *     -1 =>     0x81
     *    127 =>     0x7f
     *   -127 =>     0xff
     *    128 =>   0x0080
     *   -128 =>   0x8080
     *    255 =>   0x00ff
     *   -255 =>   0x80ff
     *  16300 =>   0x3fac
     * -16300 =>   0xbfac
     *  62300 => 0x00f35c
     * -62300 => 0x80f35c
    */

    BigInteger.prototype.toByteArraySigned = function () {
        var val = this.toByteArrayUnsigned();
        var neg = this.s < 0;

        // if the first bit is set, we always unshift
        // either unshift 0x80 or 0x00
        if (val[0] & 0x80) {
            val.unshift((neg) ? 0x80 : 0x00);
        }
        // if the first bit isn't set, set it if negative
        else if (neg) {
            val[0] |= 0x80;
        }

        return val;
    };

    // Random number generator - requires a PRNG backend, e.g. prng4.js

    // For best results, put code like
    // <body onClick='rng_seed_time();' onKeyPress='rng_seed_time();'>
    // in your main HTML document.

    var rng_state;
    var rng_pool;
    var rng_pptr;

    // Mix in a 32-bit integer into the pool
    function rng_seed_int(x) {
        rng_pool[rng_pptr++] ^= x & 255;
        rng_pool[rng_pptr++] ^= (x >> 8) & 255;
        rng_pool[rng_pptr++] ^= (x >> 16) & 255;
        rng_pool[rng_pptr++] ^= (x >> 24) & 255;
        if (rng_pptr >= rng_psize) rng_pptr -= rng_psize;
    }

    // Mix in the current time (w/milliseconds) into the pool
    function rng_seed_time() {
        rng_seed_int(new Date().getTime());
    }

    // Initialize the pool with junk if needed.
    if (rng_pool == null) {
        rng_pool = new Array();
        rng_pptr = 0;
        var t;
        if (typeof window !== 'undefined' && window.crypto) {
            if (window.crypto.getRandomValues) {
                // Use webcrypto if available
                var ua = new Uint8Array(32);
                window.crypto.getRandomValues(ua);
                for (t = 0; t < 32; ++t) rng_pool[rng_pptr++] = ua[t];
            } else if (
                navigator.appName == 'Netscape' &&
                navigator.appVersion < '5'
            ) {
                // Extract entropy (256 bits) from NS4 RNG if available
                var z = window.crypto.random(32);
                for (t = 0; t < z.length; ++t)
                    rng_pool[rng_pptr++] = z.charCodeAt(t) & 255;
            }
        }
        while (rng_pptr < rng_psize) {
            // extract some randomness from Math.random()
            t = Math.floor(65536 * Math.random());
            rng_pool[rng_pptr++] = t >>> 8;
            rng_pool[rng_pptr++] = t & 255;
        }
        rng_pptr = 0;
        rng_seed_time();
        //rng_seed_int(window.screenX);
        //rng_seed_int(window.screenY);
    }

    function rng_get_byte() {
        if (rng_state == null) {
            rng_seed_time();
            rng_state = prng_newstate();
            rng_state.init(rng_pool);
            for (rng_pptr = 0; rng_pptr < rng_pool.length; ++rng_pptr)
                rng_pool[rng_pptr] = 0;
            rng_pptr = 0;
            //rng_pool = null;
        }
        // TODO: allow reseeding after first request
        return rng_state.next();
    }

    function rng_get_bytes(ba) {
        var i;
        for (i = 0; i < ba.length; ++i) ba[i] = rng_get_byte();
    }

    function SecureRandom() { }

    SecureRandom.prototype.nextBytes = rng_get_bytes;

    // prng4.js - uses Arcfour as a PRNG

    function Arcfour() {
        this.i = 0;
        this.j = 0;
        this.S = new Array();
    }

    // Initialize arcfour context from key, an array of ints, each from [0..255]
    function ARC4init(key) {
        var i, j, t;
        for (i = 0; i < 256; ++i) this.S[i] = i;
        j = 0;
        for (i = 0; i < 256; ++i) {
            j = (j + this.S[i] + key[i % key.length]) & 255;
            t = this.S[i];
            this.S[i] = this.S[j];
            this.S[j] = t;
        }
        this.i = 0;
        this.j = 0;
    }

    function ARC4next() {
        var t;
        this.i = (this.i + 1) & 255;
        this.j = (this.j + this.S[this.i]) & 255;
        t = this.S[this.i];
        this.S[this.i] = this.S[this.j];
        this.S[this.j] = t;
        return this.S[(t + this.S[this.i]) & 255];
    }

    Arcfour.prototype.init = ARC4init;
    Arcfour.prototype.next = ARC4next;

    // Plug in your RNG constructor here
    function prng_newstate() {
        return new Arcfour();
    }

    // Pool size must be a multiple of 4 and greater than 32.
    // An array of bytes the size of the pool will be passed to init()
    var rng_psize = 256;

    if (typeof exports !== 'undefined') {
        exports = module.exports = {
            default: BigInteger,
            BigInteger: BigInteger,
            SecureRandom: SecureRandom,
        };
    } else {
        this.jsbn = {
            BigInteger: BigInteger,
            SecureRandom: SecureRandom,
        };
    }
}.call(this));