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621 lines
16 KiB
621 lines
16 KiB
/* |
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* Copyright (c) 1995 |
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* Ted Lemon (hereinafter referred to as the author) |
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* |
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* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without |
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* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions |
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* are met: |
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* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright |
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* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. |
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* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright |
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* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the |
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* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. |
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* 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products |
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* derived from this software without specific prior written permission. |
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* |
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* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND |
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* ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE |
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* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE |
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* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE |
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* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL |
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* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS |
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* OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) |
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* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT |
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* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY |
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* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF |
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* SUCH DAMAGE. |
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*/ |
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|
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/* elf2ecoff.c |
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|
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This program converts an elf executable to an ECOFF executable. |
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No symbol table is retained. This is useful primarily in building |
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net-bootable kernels for machines (e.g., DECstation and Alpha) which |
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only support the ECOFF object file format. */ |
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|
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#include <stdio.h> |
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#include <string.h> |
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#include <errno.h> |
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#include <sys/types.h> |
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#include <fcntl.h> |
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#include <unistd.h> |
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#include <elf.h> |
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#include <limits.h> |
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#include <netinet/in.h> |
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#include <stdlib.h> |
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#include <stdint.h> |
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#include <inttypes.h> |
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|
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#include "ecoff.h" |
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|
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/* |
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* Some extra ELF definitions |
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*/ |
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#define PT_MIPS_REGINFO 0x70000000 /* Register usage information */ |
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#define PT_MIPS_ABIFLAGS 0x70000003 /* Records ABI related flags */ |
|
|
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/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */ |
|
|
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struct sect { |
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uint32_t vaddr; |
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uint32_t len; |
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}; |
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|
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int *symTypeTable; |
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int must_convert_endian; |
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int format_bigendian; |
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|
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static void copy(int out, int in, off_t offset, off_t size) |
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{ |
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char ibuf[4096]; |
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int remaining, cur, count; |
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|
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/* Go to the start of the ELF symbol table... */ |
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if (lseek(in, offset, SEEK_SET) < 0) { |
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perror("copy: lseek"); |
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exit(1); |
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} |
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|
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remaining = size; |
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while (remaining) { |
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cur = remaining; |
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if (cur > sizeof ibuf) |
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cur = sizeof ibuf; |
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remaining -= cur; |
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if ((count = read(in, ibuf, cur)) != cur) { |
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fprintf(stderr, "copy: read: %s\n", |
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count ? strerror(errno) : |
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"premature end of file"); |
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exit(1); |
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} |
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if ((count = write(out, ibuf, cur)) != cur) { |
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perror("copy: write"); |
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exit(1); |
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} |
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} |
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} |
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|
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/* |
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* Combine two segments, which must be contiguous. If pad is true, it's |
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* okay for there to be padding between. |
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*/ |
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static void combine(struct sect *base, struct sect *new, int pad) |
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{ |
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if (!base->len) |
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*base = *new; |
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else if (new->len) { |
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if (base->vaddr + base->len != new->vaddr) { |
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if (pad) |
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base->len = new->vaddr - base->vaddr; |
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else { |
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fprintf(stderr, |
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"Non-contiguous data can't be converted.\n"); |
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exit(1); |
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} |
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} |
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base->len += new->len; |
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} |
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} |
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|
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static int phcmp(const void *v1, const void *v2) |
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{ |
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const Elf32_Phdr *h1 = v1; |
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const Elf32_Phdr *h2 = v2; |
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|
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if (h1->p_vaddr > h2->p_vaddr) |
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return 1; |
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else if (h1->p_vaddr < h2->p_vaddr) |
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return -1; |
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else |
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return 0; |
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} |
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|
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static char *saveRead(int file, off_t offset, off_t len, char *name) |
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{ |
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char *tmp; |
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int count; |
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off_t off; |
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if ((off = lseek(file, offset, SEEK_SET)) < 0) { |
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fprintf(stderr, "%s: fseek: %s\n", name, strerror(errno)); |
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exit(1); |
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} |
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if (!(tmp = (char *) malloc(len))) { |
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fprintf(stderr, "%s: Can't allocate %ld bytes.\n", name, |
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len); |
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exit(1); |
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} |
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count = read(file, tmp, len); |
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if (count != len) { |
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fprintf(stderr, "%s: read: %s.\n", |
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name, |
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count ? strerror(errno) : "End of file reached"); |
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exit(1); |
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} |
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return tmp; |
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} |
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|
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#define swab16(x) \ |
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((uint16_t)( \ |
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(((uint16_t)(x) & (uint16_t)0x00ffU) << 8) | \ |
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(((uint16_t)(x) & (uint16_t)0xff00U) >> 8) )) |
|
|
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#define swab32(x) \ |
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((unsigned int)( \ |
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(((uint32_t)(x) & (uint32_t)0x000000ffUL) << 24) | \ |
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(((uint32_t)(x) & (uint32_t)0x0000ff00UL) << 8) | \ |
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(((uint32_t)(x) & (uint32_t)0x00ff0000UL) >> 8) | \ |
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(((uint32_t)(x) & (uint32_t)0xff000000UL) >> 24) )) |
|
|
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static void convert_elf_hdr(Elf32_Ehdr * e) |
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{ |
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e->e_type = swab16(e->e_type); |
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e->e_machine = swab16(e->e_machine); |
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e->e_version = swab32(e->e_version); |
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e->e_entry = swab32(e->e_entry); |
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e->e_phoff = swab32(e->e_phoff); |
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e->e_shoff = swab32(e->e_shoff); |
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e->e_flags = swab32(e->e_flags); |
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e->e_ehsize = swab16(e->e_ehsize); |
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e->e_phentsize = swab16(e->e_phentsize); |
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e->e_phnum = swab16(e->e_phnum); |
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e->e_shentsize = swab16(e->e_shentsize); |
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e->e_shnum = swab16(e->e_shnum); |
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e->e_shstrndx = swab16(e->e_shstrndx); |
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} |
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|
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static void convert_elf_phdrs(Elf32_Phdr * p, int num) |
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{ |
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int i; |
|
|
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for (i = 0; i < num; i++, p++) { |
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p->p_type = swab32(p->p_type); |
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p->p_offset = swab32(p->p_offset); |
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p->p_vaddr = swab32(p->p_vaddr); |
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p->p_paddr = swab32(p->p_paddr); |
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p->p_filesz = swab32(p->p_filesz); |
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p->p_memsz = swab32(p->p_memsz); |
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p->p_flags = swab32(p->p_flags); |
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p->p_align = swab32(p->p_align); |
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} |
|
|
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} |
|
|
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static void convert_elf_shdrs(Elf32_Shdr * s, int num) |
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{ |
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int i; |
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|
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for (i = 0; i < num; i++, s++) { |
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s->sh_name = swab32(s->sh_name); |
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s->sh_type = swab32(s->sh_type); |
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s->sh_flags = swab32(s->sh_flags); |
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s->sh_addr = swab32(s->sh_addr); |
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s->sh_offset = swab32(s->sh_offset); |
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s->sh_size = swab32(s->sh_size); |
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s->sh_link = swab32(s->sh_link); |
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s->sh_info = swab32(s->sh_info); |
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s->sh_addralign = swab32(s->sh_addralign); |
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s->sh_entsize = swab32(s->sh_entsize); |
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} |
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} |
|
|
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static void convert_ecoff_filehdr(struct filehdr *f) |
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{ |
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f->f_magic = swab16(f->f_magic); |
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f->f_nscns = swab16(f->f_nscns); |
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f->f_timdat = swab32(f->f_timdat); |
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f->f_symptr = swab32(f->f_symptr); |
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f->f_nsyms = swab32(f->f_nsyms); |
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f->f_opthdr = swab16(f->f_opthdr); |
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f->f_flags = swab16(f->f_flags); |
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} |
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|
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static void convert_ecoff_aouthdr(struct aouthdr *a) |
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{ |
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a->magic = swab16(a->magic); |
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a->vstamp = swab16(a->vstamp); |
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a->tsize = swab32(a->tsize); |
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a->dsize = swab32(a->dsize); |
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a->bsize = swab32(a->bsize); |
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a->entry = swab32(a->entry); |
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a->text_start = swab32(a->text_start); |
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a->data_start = swab32(a->data_start); |
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a->bss_start = swab32(a->bss_start); |
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a->gprmask = swab32(a->gprmask); |
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a->cprmask[0] = swab32(a->cprmask[0]); |
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a->cprmask[1] = swab32(a->cprmask[1]); |
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a->cprmask[2] = swab32(a->cprmask[2]); |
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a->cprmask[3] = swab32(a->cprmask[3]); |
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a->gp_value = swab32(a->gp_value); |
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} |
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|
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static void convert_ecoff_esecs(struct scnhdr *s, int num) |
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{ |
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int i; |
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|
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for (i = 0; i < num; i++, s++) { |
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s->s_paddr = swab32(s->s_paddr); |
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s->s_vaddr = swab32(s->s_vaddr); |
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s->s_size = swab32(s->s_size); |
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s->s_scnptr = swab32(s->s_scnptr); |
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s->s_relptr = swab32(s->s_relptr); |
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s->s_lnnoptr = swab32(s->s_lnnoptr); |
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s->s_nreloc = swab16(s->s_nreloc); |
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s->s_nlnno = swab16(s->s_nlnno); |
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s->s_flags = swab32(s->s_flags); |
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} |
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} |
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|
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int main(int argc, char *argv[]) |
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{ |
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Elf32_Ehdr ex; |
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Elf32_Phdr *ph; |
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Elf32_Shdr *sh; |
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int i, pad; |
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struct sect text, data, bss; |
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struct filehdr efh; |
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struct aouthdr eah; |
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struct scnhdr esecs[6]; |
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int infile, outfile; |
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uint32_t cur_vma = UINT32_MAX; |
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int addflag = 0; |
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int nosecs; |
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|
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text.len = data.len = bss.len = 0; |
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text.vaddr = data.vaddr = bss.vaddr = 0; |
|
|
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/* Check args... */ |
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if (argc < 3 || argc > 4) { |
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usage: |
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fprintf(stderr, |
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"usage: elf2ecoff <elf executable> <ecoff executable> [-a]\n"); |
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exit(1); |
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} |
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if (argc == 4) { |
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if (strcmp(argv[3], "-a")) |
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goto usage; |
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addflag = 1; |
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} |
|
|
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/* Try the input file... */ |
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if ((infile = open(argv[1], O_RDONLY)) < 0) { |
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fprintf(stderr, "Can't open %s for read: %s\n", |
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argv[1], strerror(errno)); |
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exit(1); |
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} |
|
|
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/* Read the header, which is at the beginning of the file... */ |
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i = read(infile, &ex, sizeof ex); |
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if (i != sizeof ex) { |
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fprintf(stderr, "ex: %s: %s.\n", |
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argv[1], |
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i ? strerror(errno) : "End of file reached"); |
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exit(1); |
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} |
|
|
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if (ex.e_ident[EI_DATA] == ELFDATA2MSB) |
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format_bigendian = 1; |
|
|
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if (ntohs(0xaa55) == 0xaa55) { |
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if (!format_bigendian) |
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must_convert_endian = 1; |
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} else { |
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if (format_bigendian) |
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must_convert_endian = 1; |
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} |
|
if (must_convert_endian) |
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convert_elf_hdr(&ex); |
|
|
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/* Read the program headers... */ |
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ph = (Elf32_Phdr *) saveRead(infile, ex.e_phoff, |
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ex.e_phnum * sizeof(Elf32_Phdr), |
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"ph"); |
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if (must_convert_endian) |
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convert_elf_phdrs(ph, ex.e_phnum); |
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/* Read the section headers... */ |
|
sh = (Elf32_Shdr *) saveRead(infile, ex.e_shoff, |
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ex.e_shnum * sizeof(Elf32_Shdr), |
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"sh"); |
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if (must_convert_endian) |
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convert_elf_shdrs(sh, ex.e_shnum); |
|
|
|
/* Figure out if we can cram the program header into an ECOFF |
|
header... Basically, we can't handle anything but loadable |
|
segments, but we can ignore some kinds of segments. We can't |
|
handle holes in the address space. Segments may be out of order, |
|
so we sort them first. */ |
|
|
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qsort(ph, ex.e_phnum, sizeof(Elf32_Phdr), phcmp); |
|
|
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for (i = 0; i < ex.e_phnum; i++) { |
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/* Section types we can ignore... */ |
|
switch (ph[i].p_type) { |
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case PT_NULL: |
|
case PT_NOTE: |
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case PT_PHDR: |
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case PT_MIPS_REGINFO: |
|
case PT_MIPS_ABIFLAGS: |
|
continue; |
|
|
|
case PT_LOAD: |
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/* Writable (data) segment? */ |
|
if (ph[i].p_flags & PF_W) { |
|
struct sect ndata, nbss; |
|
|
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ndata.vaddr = ph[i].p_vaddr; |
|
ndata.len = ph[i].p_filesz; |
|
nbss.vaddr = ph[i].p_vaddr + ph[i].p_filesz; |
|
nbss.len = ph[i].p_memsz - ph[i].p_filesz; |
|
|
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combine(&data, &ndata, 0); |
|
combine(&bss, &nbss, 1); |
|
} else { |
|
struct sect ntxt; |
|
|
|
ntxt.vaddr = ph[i].p_vaddr; |
|
ntxt.len = ph[i].p_filesz; |
|
|
|
combine(&text, &ntxt, 0); |
|
} |
|
/* Remember the lowest segment start address. */ |
|
if (ph[i].p_vaddr < cur_vma) |
|
cur_vma = ph[i].p_vaddr; |
|
break; |
|
|
|
default: |
|
/* Section types we can't handle... */ |
|
fprintf(stderr, |
|
"Program header %d type %d can't be converted.\n", |
|
ex.e_phnum, ph[i].p_type); |
|
exit(1); |
|
} |
|
} |
|
|
|
/* Sections must be in order to be converted... */ |
|
if (text.vaddr > data.vaddr || data.vaddr > bss.vaddr || |
|
text.vaddr + text.len > data.vaddr |
|
|| data.vaddr + data.len > bss.vaddr) { |
|
fprintf(stderr, |
|
"Sections ordering prevents a.out conversion.\n"); |
|
exit(1); |
|
} |
|
|
|
/* If there's a data section but no text section, then the loader |
|
combined everything into one section. That needs to be the |
|
text section, so just make the data section zero length following |
|
text. */ |
|
if (data.len && !text.len) { |
|
text = data; |
|
data.vaddr = text.vaddr + text.len; |
|
data.len = 0; |
|
} |
|
|
|
/* If there is a gap between text and data, we'll fill it when we copy |
|
the data, so update the length of the text segment as represented in |
|
a.out to reflect that, since a.out doesn't allow gaps in the program |
|
address space. */ |
|
if (text.vaddr + text.len < data.vaddr) |
|
text.len = data.vaddr - text.vaddr; |
|
|
|
/* We now have enough information to cons up an a.out header... */ |
|
eah.magic = OMAGIC; |
|
eah.vstamp = 200; |
|
eah.tsize = text.len; |
|
eah.dsize = data.len; |
|
eah.bsize = bss.len; |
|
eah.entry = ex.e_entry; |
|
eah.text_start = text.vaddr; |
|
eah.data_start = data.vaddr; |
|
eah.bss_start = bss.vaddr; |
|
eah.gprmask = 0xf3fffffe; |
|
memset(&eah.cprmask, '\0', sizeof eah.cprmask); |
|
eah.gp_value = 0; /* unused. */ |
|
|
|
if (format_bigendian) |
|
efh.f_magic = MIPSEBMAGIC; |
|
else |
|
efh.f_magic = MIPSELMAGIC; |
|
if (addflag) |
|
nosecs = 6; |
|
else |
|
nosecs = 3; |
|
efh.f_nscns = nosecs; |
|
efh.f_timdat = 0; /* bogus */ |
|
efh.f_symptr = 0; |
|
efh.f_nsyms = 0; |
|
efh.f_opthdr = sizeof eah; |
|
efh.f_flags = 0x100f; /* Stripped, not sharable. */ |
|
|
|
memset(esecs, 0, sizeof esecs); |
|
strcpy(esecs[0].s_name, ".text"); |
|
strcpy(esecs[1].s_name, ".data"); |
|
strcpy(esecs[2].s_name, ".bss"); |
|
if (addflag) { |
|
strcpy(esecs[3].s_name, ".rdata"); |
|
strcpy(esecs[4].s_name, ".sdata"); |
|
strcpy(esecs[5].s_name, ".sbss"); |
|
} |
|
esecs[0].s_paddr = esecs[0].s_vaddr = eah.text_start; |
|
esecs[1].s_paddr = esecs[1].s_vaddr = eah.data_start; |
|
esecs[2].s_paddr = esecs[2].s_vaddr = eah.bss_start; |
|
if (addflag) { |
|
esecs[3].s_paddr = esecs[3].s_vaddr = 0; |
|
esecs[4].s_paddr = esecs[4].s_vaddr = 0; |
|
esecs[5].s_paddr = esecs[5].s_vaddr = 0; |
|
} |
|
esecs[0].s_size = eah.tsize; |
|
esecs[1].s_size = eah.dsize; |
|
esecs[2].s_size = eah.bsize; |
|
if (addflag) { |
|
esecs[3].s_size = 0; |
|
esecs[4].s_size = 0; |
|
esecs[5].s_size = 0; |
|
} |
|
esecs[0].s_scnptr = N_TXTOFF(efh, eah); |
|
esecs[1].s_scnptr = N_DATOFF(efh, eah); |
|
#define ECOFF_SEGMENT_ALIGNMENT(a) 0x10 |
|
#define ECOFF_ROUND(s, a) (((s)+(a)-1)&~((a)-1)) |
|
esecs[2].s_scnptr = esecs[1].s_scnptr + |
|
ECOFF_ROUND(esecs[1].s_size, ECOFF_SEGMENT_ALIGNMENT(&eah)); |
|
if (addflag) { |
|
esecs[3].s_scnptr = 0; |
|
esecs[4].s_scnptr = 0; |
|
esecs[5].s_scnptr = 0; |
|
} |
|
esecs[0].s_relptr = esecs[1].s_relptr = esecs[2].s_relptr = 0; |
|
esecs[0].s_lnnoptr = esecs[1].s_lnnoptr = esecs[2].s_lnnoptr = 0; |
|
esecs[0].s_nreloc = esecs[1].s_nreloc = esecs[2].s_nreloc = 0; |
|
esecs[0].s_nlnno = esecs[1].s_nlnno = esecs[2].s_nlnno = 0; |
|
if (addflag) { |
|
esecs[3].s_relptr = esecs[4].s_relptr |
|
= esecs[5].s_relptr = 0; |
|
esecs[3].s_lnnoptr = esecs[4].s_lnnoptr |
|
= esecs[5].s_lnnoptr = 0; |
|
esecs[3].s_nreloc = esecs[4].s_nreloc = esecs[5].s_nreloc = |
|
0; |
|
esecs[3].s_nlnno = esecs[4].s_nlnno = esecs[5].s_nlnno = 0; |
|
} |
|
esecs[0].s_flags = 0x20; |
|
esecs[1].s_flags = 0x40; |
|
esecs[2].s_flags = 0x82; |
|
if (addflag) { |
|
esecs[3].s_flags = 0x100; |
|
esecs[4].s_flags = 0x200; |
|
esecs[5].s_flags = 0x400; |
|
} |
|
|
|
/* Make the output file... */ |
|
if ((outfile = open(argv[2], O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, 0777)) < 0) { |
|
fprintf(stderr, "Unable to create %s: %s\n", argv[2], |
|
strerror(errno)); |
|
exit(1); |
|
} |
|
|
|
if (must_convert_endian) |
|
convert_ecoff_filehdr(&efh); |
|
/* Write the headers... */ |
|
i = write(outfile, &efh, sizeof efh); |
|
if (i != sizeof efh) { |
|
perror("efh: write"); |
|
exit(1); |
|
|
|
for (i = 0; i < nosecs; i++) { |
|
printf |
|
("Section %d: %s phys %"PRIx32" size %"PRIx32"\t file offset %"PRIx32"\n", |
|
i, esecs[i].s_name, esecs[i].s_paddr, |
|
esecs[i].s_size, esecs[i].s_scnptr); |
|
} |
|
} |
|
fprintf(stderr, "wrote %d byte file header.\n", i); |
|
|
|
if (must_convert_endian) |
|
convert_ecoff_aouthdr(&eah); |
|
i = write(outfile, &eah, sizeof eah); |
|
if (i != sizeof eah) { |
|
perror("eah: write"); |
|
exit(1); |
|
} |
|
fprintf(stderr, "wrote %d byte a.out header.\n", i); |
|
|
|
if (must_convert_endian) |
|
convert_ecoff_esecs(&esecs[0], nosecs); |
|
i = write(outfile, &esecs, nosecs * sizeof(struct scnhdr)); |
|
if (i != nosecs * sizeof(struct scnhdr)) { |
|
perror("esecs: write"); |
|
exit(1); |
|
} |
|
fprintf(stderr, "wrote %d bytes of section headers.\n", i); |
|
|
|
pad = (sizeof(efh) + sizeof(eah) + nosecs * sizeof(struct scnhdr)) & 15; |
|
if (pad) { |
|
pad = 16 - pad; |
|
i = write(outfile, "\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0", pad); |
|
if (i < 0) { |
|
perror("ipad: write"); |
|
exit(1); |
|
} |
|
fprintf(stderr, "wrote %d byte pad.\n", i); |
|
} |
|
|
|
/* |
|
* Copy the loadable sections. Zero-fill any gaps less than 64k; |
|
* complain about any zero-filling, and die if we're asked to zero-fill |
|
* more than 64k. |
|
*/ |
|
for (i = 0; i < ex.e_phnum; i++) { |
|
/* Unprocessable sections were handled above, so just verify that |
|
the section can be loaded before copying. */ |
|
if (ph[i].p_type == PT_LOAD && ph[i].p_filesz) { |
|
if (cur_vma != ph[i].p_vaddr) { |
|
uint32_t gap = ph[i].p_vaddr - cur_vma; |
|
char obuf[1024]; |
|
if (gap > 65536) { |
|
fprintf(stderr, |
|
"Intersegment gap (%"PRId32" bytes) too large.\n", |
|
gap); |
|
exit(1); |
|
} |
|
fprintf(stderr, |
|
"Warning: %d byte intersegment gap.\n", |
|
gap); |
|
memset(obuf, 0, sizeof obuf); |
|
while (gap) { |
|
int count = |
|
write(outfile, obuf, |
|
(gap > |
|
sizeof obuf ? sizeof |
|
obuf : gap)); |
|
if (count < 0) { |
|
fprintf(stderr, |
|
"Error writing gap: %s\n", |
|
strerror(errno)); |
|
exit(1); |
|
} |
|
gap -= count; |
|
} |
|
} |
|
fprintf(stderr, "writing %d bytes...\n", |
|
ph[i].p_filesz); |
|
copy(outfile, infile, ph[i].p_offset, |
|
ph[i].p_filesz); |
|
cur_vma = ph[i].p_vaddr + ph[i].p_filesz; |
|
} |
|
} |
|
|
|
/* |
|
* Write a page of padding for boot PROMS that read entire pages. |
|
* Without this, they may attempt to read past the end of the |
|
* data section, incur an error, and refuse to boot. |
|
*/ |
|
{ |
|
char obuf[4096]; |
|
memset(obuf, 0, sizeof obuf); |
|
if (write(outfile, obuf, sizeof(obuf)) != sizeof(obuf)) { |
|
fprintf(stderr, "Error writing PROM padding: %s\n", |
|
strerror(errno)); |
|
exit(1); |
|
} |
|
} |
|
|
|
/* Looks like we won... */ |
|
exit(0); |
|
}
|
|
|